Aphids often plague gardeners and gardeners. It sucks the juice from the leaves and thereby destroys the plantings. The pest does not only appear in areas. It also attacks domestic flowers. To effectively fight it, you should know where aphids come from on plants.

How aphids appear in areas

Many people encounter an “invader” in their summer cottages and gardens. As soon as warm weather sets in, young leaves and shoots on trees and plantings are attacked. It seems like she appears out of nowhere.

But infection occurs in two ways:

1. She's being torn apart.
2. New individuals hatch from eggs overwintering in tree trunks.

During the cold season, ants carry aphids and their eggs from plants to their nest so that they do not die from frost and icy wind. With the onset of warm days, foragers place their “pets” on young leaves and begin grazing, jealously guarding the “food supply” from ladybugs. Aphids can appear on any plants and seedlings.

Interesting!

The little workers feed on honeydew, a lice secreted by plant louses. They tickle the aphid's abdomen with their antennae, and the aphid gives them a drop of the sweet drink.

If there are too many insatiable pests on a tree or shrub, then worker ants begin to spread them to other fruit crops and weeds. So, thanks to the efforts of the garden species, aphids appear on plants.

But the insect is capable of independently taking care of the continuation of its kind. The eggs hatch into females that reproduce new offspring. In mid-summer, winged females and males appear from the next clutch. They fly to other plants and lay eggs in the bark of trees and shrubs, which must survive the winter.

With the onset of warmth, new individuals emerge from the clutch. The cycle repeats itself again.

Those who suffer most from aphid infestations are:

• (including , and );

How aphids appear on house flowers

Pests manage to spread throughout. This happens in the warm season, when flower growers send their “pets” to the balcony - and they are attacked by winged individuals.

On a note!

But this is not the only way the pest gets into apartments. Aphids are formed in the following ways:

• flies through open windows and doors;
• brought by people on their clothes and shoes;
• gets into the house with other plants, bouquets of flowers.

All purchased potted flowers are processed or kept in quarantine for 2-3 weeks, and wildflower bouquets collected in a field or forest are placed away from indoor plants.

Aphids reproduce quickly and spread throughout plants. It creeps from weeds to trees, bushes and fruit crops. Foragers often help her with this. To protect the garden, you need to fight not only aphids, but also.

♦ WHAT DOES IT LOOK WHEN INCREASED?

A soft-bodied insect pest with an elongated oblong-oval body shape. The abdomen is wide and pointed at the end. Commonly found on indoor plants white aphid, the length of which reaches an average of 0.8-1 mm, the antennae are longer than the body. There are other types of aphids that feed on the juices of house flowers.

Most insects are translucent, and the color varies from yellow and green to pink and even black. Unlike spider mites, which are hardly noticeable to the naked eye, aphids are quite clearly visible on indoor plants. At the initial stage of infection, this pest strives first to pierce the skin on the most delicate areas of the home plant.

♦ HOW DOES IT GET ON A HOUSEPLANT?

Aphids can enter the room on clothes or things when you return home from the street;

It migrates from a new plant to the entire home collection, if the “newbie” is not quarantined for at least a few weeks after acquisition. During quarantine, it is necessary to thoroughly wash the plant under warm running water, sterilize the pot and change the substrate;

Some pests have wings at a certain stage of colony formation and easily move from one plant to another. If a female aphid enters a room through an open window, she lays eggs on indoor species and after some time a colony is formed;

If you place pots of house flowers in the garden in the summer, aphids can quickly form a colony on them;

It is known that some species of ants readily feed on honeydew secreted by aphids and transfer these pests from one plant to another.

- aphids with and without wings: photo

♦ HOW TO DETECT A PEST ON A PLANT?

◉ at the initial stage, you can find a few insects on the lower part of the leaf blade or along some parts of the stem. You can also find clutches of oblong-shaped eggs (not always - there are viviparous species of aphids);

◉ when multiplying, aphids form colonies and quickly settle on other indoor flowers. Colonies of insect pests appear in different parts of the plant;

◉ the top of the plant is noticeably deformed, yellow spots appear on the leaves. Then the leaves wither and curl, the unopened buds begin to fall off;

◉ sticky traces of the pest’s activity appear on the plant - a waxy liquid (honeydew or honeydew), similar to sticky honeydew from mealybugs, flower thrips, scale insects or whitefly larvae.

- plants damaged by aphids: photo

♦ WHAT DAMAGE DOES APHIDS DO TO PLANTS?

❂ a colony of aphids severely damages the plant and feeds on its juices, thereby quickly depleting it;

❂ leaves and stems are severely deformed, unsightly spots appear, the decorative qualities of the plant are greatly deteriorated;

❂ aphids leave a large amount of honeydew on the surface of the plant, on which a dangerous sooty fungus appears;

❂ depleted plants are susceptible to infection by a variety of viral and fungal diseases that can quickly destroy the flower.

♦ WHAT PREVENTION METHODS ARE THE MOST EFFECTIVE?

❀ carefully inspect the plant at least twice a week (especially in summer). If aphids are detected at the initial stage of infestation, then pest control will not take much time and the decorative qualities of the flower will not be affected;

❀ before transplanting the plant, sterilize the pot and all components of the earthen mixture;

❀ regularly wash the plant under warm running water, wipe with a soft sponge and soapy water;

❀ ventilate the room more often. When opening windows in the summer, place sticky traps that attract insects by smell. Water and spray the flowers in a timely manner;

❀ Place the pot with the new plant away from the entire collection. During quarantine, inspect all parts of the flower, transplant the “newbie” into a fresh sterilized soil mixture.

♦ HOW TO GET RID OF APHIES PERMANENTLY AT HOME?

➊ at the initial stage of infection, you can get rid of aphids very quickly and “painlessly” for the affected plant. First, remove insects mechanically using a cotton swab soaked in soapy water. Then wash thoroughly under a warm shower and soap all parts of the plant with a soft sponge and a solution of laundry soap. Without rinsing off the soap, keep the flower under a plastic bag overnight and then wash with warm water.

➋ if the plant is not severely affected by aphids, then we can use biological methods of pest control. For example, it is effective to use garlic tincture. To prepare the product, add 1 liter of warm water to the garlic grated (30-40 g) and leave in a dark place for 24 hours. Before spraying the plant, add 3-4 grams of dissolved laundry soap to the tincture. Treat the plant 2-3 times with an interval of 4 days.

➌ Another effective folk remedy for fighting aphids is a decoction of tomato tops. Grind 500 gr. tops, pour 1 liter of water and boil for half an hour, then cool in a dark place. Spray the plant with the decoction from a spray bottle, after adding 3-4 grams of liquid soap.

➍ infusion of pine thorns. 400-500 gr. Pour 2 liters of warm water over pine or spruce needles and place in a dark place to brew. After 5-6 days you can use the product. Before spraying, dilute the infusion with clean water in a ratio of 1:7. Spray 3-4 times with an interval of 5 days.

➎ a very effective biological remedy that will help you quickly get rid of aphids - an infusion of celandine. You can use both fresh plants and dried ones (sold at the pharmacy). Grind 150 grams of dry (350 grams of fresh) herbs and add 1 liter of water. Leave for 24 hours in a dark place. Spray 3 times at weekly intervals until the pests are completely destroyed.

➏ if a houseplant is very badly affected, then it is advisable to immediately take emergency measures and treat it with special complex insecticides. Such products as Fitoverm, Aktara, Kinmiks, Intavir, Karbofos, Iskra have proven themselves well.

Aphids are one of the most malicious pests of garden and indoor plants, with which almost every summer resident or gardener is familiar. Indeed, thanks to their fertility, insects settle in huge colonies in summer cottages. Using plant sap as food, they can destroy entire gardens or fields. This article will tell you more about the pest.

Description of the insect

It’s still not worth hoping that a meeting with a dangerous enemy of the garden will not happen. It is better to arm yourself with knowledge and learn what aphids look like in order to prevent the possibility of them causing harm.

• Aphids are small insects whose dimensions do not exceed 8 mm. Individuals living on indoor plants are much smaller, about 0.5 mm.
• Depending on the species, the soft transparent body of the tiny pest can be in the shape of a drop, an oval or an ellipse.
• The color of the aphid matches the tone of the plant on which the insect lives. Black, green, red, pink or completely transparent individuals are often found.
• The tuberous surface has projections and hairs of varying density and length.
• Antennae are located on the trapezoidal head. They consist of several segments and serve as organs of hearing and touch.
• Thanks to their complex compound eyes, which come in black, red or brown, aphids have clear vision.
• The aphid's mouth is a small proboscis, with which the insect makes a puncture in the leaf plate and sucks the juice out of it.

Interesting!

Thanks to their well-developed visual perception, aphids can even distinguish some colors.

Insects move with the help of three pairs of long legs, which also perform jumping functions. Depending on the living conditions, there are aphids with and without wings. Moreover, each individual is assigned a certain type of activity in a given colony. The presence of wings is not a sexual characteristic, so a winged aphid can be either a female or a male. A distinctive feature of wingless individuals is 3 additional simple eyes. A photo of the aphid is shown below.

The abdomen is divided into 9 segmented parts. The first seven have spiracles. On subsequent segments there are mammillary tubes that perform excretory and secretory functions. The last segment is underdeveloped and looks like a hairy tail.

Nutrition

Pests live in large colonies. When they settle on a plant, they primarily infect leaves and young shoots. Aphids also eat flower buds, roots and stems of plants. As a result, the plantings weaken and gradually wither. Insects do not disdain any vegetation. Only certain species of aphids show preference for certain types of trees, shrubs or grasses.

Quite often they coexist with. The fact is that honeydew (a sweetish viscous liquid that aphids secrete during their life) is what the ant eats and loves. It is for this reason that garden ants protect small pests from natural enemies: hoverflies and.

Reproduction

With the arrival of warm days, a wingless female emerges from an aphid egg laid in the bark of a tree in autumn and becomes the founder of the colony. In the spring, under favorable conditions, the female aphid reproduces parthenogenetically and gives birth to virgin individuals similar to her.

On a note!

Aphid parthenogenesis is a form of sexual reproduction in which the eggs of adult females develop without mating with males.

It is also surprising how long such an individual lives - during its relatively short life, and a virgin female lives no more than a month, she manages to reproduce several thousand creatures similar to herself.

Aphid larvae resemble adults. They grow quickly, undergoing several molts. After two weeks, the young individual already becomes sexually mature. Thus, the size of the colony increases several times. When it reaches a critical size, females with wings are born. Flying to other plants, they give life to new colonies. And only with the onset of autumn the population is replenished with full-fledged females and males. After mating, females lay eggs, which overwinter and begin a new cycle.

What types of aphids are there?

The insects are representatives of the order Hemiptera, which has about 4 thousand species (about a thousand live on the European continent). All varieties of aphids prefer warm and humid climatic conditions, which allow their population to increase several times. Under unfavorable conditions, pest colonies may simply die. Below are the most common types of pests.

House aphid

House aphids, or as they are also called “house aphids,” include several subspecies that differ in body color. There are red aphids, as well as white, black or green aphids. This pest is especially familiar to lovers of home flowers. They know .

Mealy aphid

The mealy aphid is a cream-colored insect with an oval body shape with bristles on the sides. The surface of the body is covered with a snowy white coating. Mealy aphids affect indoor and greenhouse plants, as well as citrus and. The presence of insects gives off a whitish tint that covers the leaves of the plant. This contributes to stem deformation, drying and falling of leaves and buds.

Potato aphid

Wingless individuals whose oval body is colored red or green. An insect up to 4 mm in length has long antennae and a tail. This species is notable for being adapted to low temperatures. Vegetable crops serve as food for such insects: potatoes, beets or. In winter, potato aphids prefer to settle on indoor and greenhouse plants.

On a note!

The pest can be detected by the stains it leaves, dried mesh or mold in places where there is a large accumulation of honeydew.

Cherry aphid

This species of aphid differs from its fellows in its shiny black color. Pests live mainly, with the latter plant being more vulnerable. The eggs overwinter in the buds and on tree branches; with the arrival of spring, females emerge from them - the founders of the colony.

Black aphids are especially active on young shoots and foliage in the spring. With the arrival of summer, the surface of the plants becomes rougher, which leads to the death of most of the colony. However, before this moment, insects manage to cause colossal damage to fruit plants: slower growth, the formation of fewer fruit buds, small and non-succulent fruits. Trees infected with cherry aphids are susceptible to diseases and tolerate frost worse.

Grain aphid

This species is an inhabitant of the steppe and forest-steppe zones; individuals also settle in fields sown with wheat, rye, barley or millet. The presence of insects during the period when the ear is not yet formed leads to the fact that the plants remain practically unharvested. If pollination has already occurred, the grains are formed in the lungs, most often empty.

Cabbage aphid

It is a wingless insect whose dimensions do not exceed 2.5 mm. The body, covered with a grayish waxy coating, is ovoid in shape and yellow-green in color.

Aphids lay their eggs for overwintering in cabbage scraps left on the site. By mid-spring, larvae emerge from them, which, like adults, feed on plant sap. What inhibits the growth and development of cabbage heads.

Apple aphid

Three types of insects pose a threat:

• Red (blood) aphid is the most dangerous type of aphid, representatives of which attack the root system of trees.
• Gray aphid - lives mainly on apple and hawthorn trees during the period of leaf formation. As a result, the emerging foliage curls and the damaged areas become covered with a characteristic dark red color. This leads to shedding of the ovaries and stopping the growth of damaged young shoots, as a result of which they do not survive in frosts.
• Green aphids pose a danger not only to apple trees; they also attack pear, shadberry and mountain ash. Areas damaged by aphids begin to turn black, and sooty fungus appears on the branches.

Leaf aphid

Leaf or grass aphids are active exclusively in the summer, giving preference to young plants. It sucks the juice out of them, as a result of which the leaves and branches are deformed, which can even lead to the death of the seedling. It also settles on lawn and indoor flowers.

On a note!

The female winged flying aphid is yellow with a lemon tint; wingless individuals are brown. It is this type of aphid that is grazed by ants.

Tobacco aphid

Tobacco (peach or greenhouse) aphids live on tobacco, peaches, almonds, and other plants. It settles on them at the very beginning of spring.

Peach aphids have a yellow-green color that camouflages them well on damaged plants. As a result of the presence of insects, the leaves turn yellow and become lifeless. Honeydew, which the pest produces during its life, leads to the appearance of sooty fungus, and subsequently to the shedding of leaves. If you do not take timely measures to combat aphids, you can lose a large part of the harvest.

There are good ones to combat these insidious insects. If you do not want to use chemicals, you can use products that have proven themselves in practice.

Garden pests can not only damage crops and degrade their quality, but also completely destroy the crop. That is why pest control is the primary task of every gardener.

The greatest damage to the crop is caused by homoptera insects. They are usually small in size and characterized by piercing-sucking mouthparts. Such insects often accumulate in large groups. Homoptera insects include leafhoppers, scale insects, flea beetles and scale insects. But the most common pest is aphids. These are, as a rule, small sucking insects that settle on plant leaves or shoots.

There are many types of aphids: black, green, cabbage, carrot, sorrel and others. All of them cause severe, sometimes irreparable damage to the crop. In this article we will offer you a description of aphids, show you what aphids look like in the photo, and also tell you how to get rid of aphids in the garden.

This insect is green in color and about 2 mm long. Causes significant damage to garden crops. Green aphids lay shiny black eggs and overwinter on shoots and twigs. During the period of swelling and blooming of plant buds, dark green larvae appear from the eggs. They accumulate on the tops of the buds and suck the juice. The larvae then move to the underside of leaves and green shoots.

It is not so easy to recognize what aphids look like on plants: damaged leaves curl and cover the larvae and adult insects. The shoots stop growing, become bent, their tops curl, and if severely damaged, dry out. Aphid larvae grow quickly and after 15 days they turn into founding females, which create new colonies of wingless aphids. During the warm period, aphids produce from 10 to 15 generations. At the beginning of summer, winged female dispersers appear, which, scattering across the land, lay eggs on new plants, infecting them. At the end of summer, females appear and lay overwintering eggs.

Insecticides are used to control aphids. They treat plants in the spring during bud break and in the summer as garden pests are detected.

What cabbage aphids look like in the photo, and how to get rid of cabbage aphids

The cabbage aphid is a wingless insect 1.9-2.5 mm long with an ovoid yellow-green body covered with a gray-white waxy coating.

Pay attention to the photo of cabbage aphids: females have brown legs and heads, and a yellowish-green abdomen.

Pest eggs overwinter on cruciferous weeds and on cabbage remains that have not been removed from the site. Cabbage aphid larvae appear early, around the end of April - beginning of May. Adult insects and their larvae feed on plant sap. As a result, the leaves become discolored and dry out, and the growth and development of the head of cabbage is suspended.

One method of controlling aphids is to plant cabbage crops next to tomatoes, since the smell of tomato tops repels these pests.

To prepare a decoction of 4 kg of tops, add 10 liters of water, boil over low heat for 30 minutes and strain. Then the broth should be cooled to room temperature, diluted with 10 liters of water, and added 40 g of rhubarb. You can spray cabbage crops with chamomile infusion at the rate of 1 kg of finely chopped leaves and flowers per 10 liters of hot water. Leave for 12 hours, then strain and dilute with water, add 40 g of laundry soap. You can get rid of aphids by sowing dill next to cabbage crops. The first time sowing is carried out simultaneously with planting cabbage, re-sowing is carried out after 10-15 days.

When cabbage aphids appear, it is recommended to carry out foliar feeding with a mixture of 0.01% superphosphate solution and 0.05% potassium chloride solution at the rate of 6 liters of working solution per 10 m2. Feeding should be carried out when single colonies of cabbage aphids appear, as well as 8-10 days after the first treatment. Such fertilizing helps to increase plant resistance to aphids.

Preventive measures to combat aphids

The most effective way to think about how to get rid of aphids is not after the pest appears in the garden, but before. As a preventative measure to combat aphids, you can use an infusion of ash and tobacco at the rate of 200 g per 10 liters of water, pouring them with hot water for a day. After filtering, add 50 g of laundry soap to the solution.

How to deal with black aphids

The black aphid is a dark-colored insect. Colonies of black aphids, as a rule, accumulate on the underside of young leaves and shoots, causing them to curl, and then, if severely infested, to dry out.

How to get rid of carrot aphids in the garden

As you can see in the photo above, this type of aphid has no wings and is usually light green in color with a brown head. Winged individuals have a black chest and head, and a green upper abdomen. Typically, aphids overwinter on plant debris and wild carrots. In the spring a new generation appears.

Pay attention to the photos of the second and third generations of aphids - they become winged, which allows them to fly to neighboring areas. Carrot aphids are also carriers of diseases dangerous to cultivated plants.

As a preventive measure, areas with perennial crops are spatially separated from the planting of dill and carrots. You can use infusions and decoctions of various phytoncidal plants, which include white mustard, potatoes, marigolds, garlic, hot capsicums or onions.

There is an opinion that infusions of shag and tobacco help well in the fight against aphids, but this is not so. As a rule, these natural components do not rid plants of pests. If there are a lot of aphids, the plants should be sprayed with karbofos.

In order to prevent the massive spread of aphids, its natural reserves—thickets of wild carrots—should be destroyed.

Plants infected with carrot aphids are washed with solutions of nicotine and anabasine sulfate or with a soap-kerosene emulsion. To prepare it, dissolve 40 g of laundry soap in 10 liters of water and add 10 drops of kerosene. You can also use ordinary soapy water.

If the number of insects is not catastrophic, then you can collect them by hand and destroy them mechanically. In a dormant state, deciduous crops that have been attacked by carrot aphids during the season should be sprayed with a 3-5% solution of ferrous sulfate.

Garden pest willow-carrot aphid

The willow-carrot aphid mainly damages crops such as parsnips, carrots and dill. The tops of plants and leaves affected by this pest change shape, curling into small balls.

The winged aphid has a black chest and head, and a green ventral part with dark speckles on the sides.

Wingless individuals do not have a waxy coating, but are also colored green. The length of their body is 2.7 mm. The eggs of this aphid species overwinter in the bark and buds of willow trees. In spring, the pest feeds on the juices of its shoots and leaves. The winged individuals subsequently fly to dill, parsnips and carrots.

During the growing season of garden plants, the willow-carrot aphid produces several generations. The winged individuals fly back to the willow in August. Here females without wings appear and lay eggs. It is important to spatially fence off the crops of dill, carrots and parsnips from willow and other shrubs. To combat willow-carrot aphids, infusions and decoctions of plants containing phytoncides are used, such as white mustard, onions, hot peppers and marigolds.

By the time the panicles fade, the number of aphids decreases sharply. From late July to mid-August, only minor colonies of the pest are found on corn. By the end of August, the number of insects increases again. During this period, aphids move to the cobs. From the beginning of September to November, insects begin migrating to winter cereal crops and wild cereals, where they overwinter.

The most dangerous damage by aphids is to the panicles and cobs of corn, since this significantly reduces the grain yield. Damaged leaves turn yellow and become deformed. The excrement released by aphids contaminates plants, causing the development of fungal diseases.

To combat aphids, it is necessary to destroy wild cereal grasses, treating them with insecticides in May-July, and perform autumn plowing in a timely manner.

Means for combating oxal aphids

Aphids are viviparous insects. The oxal aphid is only 2-2.5 mm in size. In autumn, she lays a large number of eggs on weeds from the buckwheat family. Aphids overwinter in the egg stage.

Aphids live on leaves and stems of plants, sucking juices from them, causing significant damage. Individuals that appear in the spring can damage not only sorrel, but also rhubarb.

To combat aphids, you can use infusions and decoctions of various plant components: garlic extracts, tobacco extracts. In areas with sorrel crops, it is necessary to regularly destroy weeds on which aphids may lay eggs. It is recommended to spray the testes with karbofos.

Seed propagation in the garden strawberries we are used to, unfortunately, leads to the appearance of less productive plants and weaker bushes. But another type of these sweet berries, alpine strawberries, can be successfully grown from seeds. Let's learn about the main advantages and disadvantages of this crop, consider the main varieties and features of agricultural technology. The information presented in this article will help you decide whether it is worth allocating a place for it in the berry garden.

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Scotch eggs - incredibly delicious! Try to prepare this dish at home, there is nothing difficult in preparation. Scotch eggs are a hard-boiled egg wrapped in minced meat, breaded in flour, egg and breadcrumbs and deep-fried. For frying, you will need a frying pan with a high side, and if you have a deep fryer, then that’s just great - even less hassle. You will also need oil for frying so as not to smoke in the kitchen. Choose farm eggs for this recipe.

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Chickpea curry with meat is a hearty hot dish for lunch or dinner, inspired by Indian cuisine. This curry is quick to prepare but requires some prep. The chickpeas must first be soaked in plenty of cold water for several hours, preferably overnight; the water can be changed several times. It is also better to leave the meat in the marinade overnight so that it turns out juicy and tender. Then you should boil the chickpeas until tender and then prepare the curry according to the recipe.

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3 delicious sandwiches - a cucumber sandwich, a chicken sandwich, a cabbage and meat sandwich - a great idea for a quick snack or for an outdoor picnic. Just fresh vegetables, juicy chicken and cream cheese and a little seasoning. There are no onions in these sandwiches; if you wish, you can add onions marinated in balsamic vinegar to any of the sandwiches; this will not spoil the taste. Having quickly prepared snacks, all that remains is to pack a picnic basket and head to the nearest green lawn.

Depending on the varietal group, the age of seedlings suitable for planting in open ground is: for early tomatoes - 45-50 days, average ripening periods - 55-60 and late ones - at least 70 days. When planting tomato seedlings at a younger age, the period of its adaptation to new conditions is significantly extended. But success in obtaining a high-quality tomato harvest also depends on carefully following the basic rules for planting seedlings in open ground.

Unpretentious “background” plants of sansevieria do not seem boring to those who value minimalism. They are better suited than other indoor decorative foliage stars for collections that require minimal care. Stable decorativeness and extreme hardiness in only one species of sansevieria are also combined with compactness and very rapid growth - rosette sansevieria Hana. The squat rosettes of their tough leaves create striking clusters and patterns.

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Meat with mushrooms in a frying pan is an inexpensive hot dish that is suitable for a regular lunch and for a holiday menu. Pork will cook quickly, veal and chicken too, so this is the preferred meat for the recipe. Mushrooms - fresh champignons, in my opinion, are the best choice for homemade stew. Forest gold - boletus mushrooms, boletus and other delicacies is best prepared for the winter. Boiled rice or mashed potatoes are ideal as a side dish.

I love ornamental shrubs, especially unpretentious ones and with interesting, non-trivial foliage colors. I have various Japanese spirea, Thunberg barberries, black elderberry... And there is one special shrub, which I will talk about in this article - viburnum leaf. To fulfill my dream of a low-maintenance garden, it is perhaps ideal. At the same time, it is capable of greatly diversifying the picture in the garden, from spring to autumn.